Globalisation and crime report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Globalisation and crime report - Essay Example That notwithstanding, with improvements in the transport sector an individual can decide to conduct business in foreign countries by moving freely from one location to the next i.e. a person living in Nigeria can transact business in Abu Dhabi and return home the very day. In essence, the issue of international integration has been made easier thus keeping the entire world in touch with each other (Barak, 2009). Globalisation has enabled people to follow world events conveniently from wherever they are in the world since they affect them. Through social media people know what is happening around the world in real-time without having to travel all those distances, updates in social media and international news outlets makes information dissemination quick and convenient as persons around the globe can keep up in touch with the affairs of the world in real time (Loader & Sparks, 2002). Increased integration on a global front has led to a significant number of issues being managed from a global front, for instance, there are universal laws that govern the action of each individual, the world economy is also being monitored at a global level, etc. (Barak, 2009). Comparative criminology is primarily concerned with crime and trends in criminal justice systems across various cultural, historical and geopolitical contexts. It seeks to unravel how different societies view crime and how they respond to crime. The primary aim of comparative criminology is to elaborate the similarities and differences of the various communities’ response to crime and explain the legal processes that are taken in response to such acts (Siegel, 2012). Comparative criminology is basically theoretical in nature since it is based on examining statistical records of various societies to assist it to come up with theoretical evaluation and testing of the data to come up with informed assumptions. Furthermore, comparative

Saddam Husseins Execution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Saddam Husseins Execution - Essay Example President of the United States, George Bush applied his doctrine of pre-emption and US forces entered Afghanistan. In pursuance of this policy, the Bush administration went a bit further and made an effort to win hearts and minds of the Muslims. Once again the old rivals of first Gulf war were confronting each other. But this time the objective was even bigger. The allied forces led by US troops, made a plan and showed determination to get rid of Saddam Hussain once and for all. This would have given two clear benefits namely support from the long suppressed Iraqi nation, who would welcome any positive change and secondly the permanent footings in the region of middle east that has enormous value because of its precious mineral resources (Mike Shuster 2006). The Arab world wanted freedom from the fearful and despotic rule of Saddam Hussein and US promised exactly that (Hasan Abu Nimah 2007). Although some of the analysts claim that the war was unjustified on the grounds that it did not have the backing of United Nations. Still others say that this was the only way to relieve the Iraqi nation of its miseries. This is the way that would pave well for the conducive environment for democracy. A democratic government in Iraq would be a basis for stability of the country and the region. But the incidents like the Abu Gharaib added to American problems, need to send more troops than pulling out and the rising death toll on daily basis aggravated the situation and changed the whole scenario. The Bush administration started losing its support of allied forces and among the American public. The insurgencies against the forces started rising tremendously and the Arab world lost confidence in the United States. The whole world began to doubt and started criticizing the policies and strategies of the American leadership. Thus, President Bush had to think of some way out to recover the messed up state of affairs. He therefore, decided to bring Saddam under trial and the Iraqi court sentenced him to death. Soon after his death the air is heavy with accusation as the implication of grotesquely botched lynching sink in. What should have been an act of justice following due process had the baying malice of an execution. A legal execution intended to show at last that the period of Saddam is over-threatened to have the conflicting effects. Whilst a tyrant of exceptional violence is publicized dying with pride and no slight valor at the hands of covered thugs. No doubt American officials are cleansing their hands of this whole shocking concern, and Tony Blair is saying no to make any remark from his Miami poolside. There is some fairness in American statements that it is the Iraqi PM, Nouri al-Maliki, who has to take the burden of blame for this fiasco. He outshined religious and legal reactions to rush the death sentence. The Iraqi constitution wants President Jalal Talabani and his two colleagues to sign a verdict of authorization for 'the death sentence'. Mr Maliki efficiently disregarded this obligation. Even more rabble-rousing to the extent that Iraq's Sunni minority is concerned was his breach of the Iraqi decree that executions should not occur during the Eid al-Adha, the Muslim's celebration day. For Sunnis, that

Discussion on Quantitative Reasoning for Business Course Essay Example for Free

Discussion on Quantitative Reasoning for Business Course Essay Discussion on Quantitative Reasoning for Business Course Self Reflection Paper 10/15/08 Discussion on Quantitative Reasoning for Business Course For many years, the quantitative or mathematical approach to business problem solving was the cornerstone of MBA programs worldwide. The traditional approach has been a rational analysis: information is collected, collated, analyzed and interpreted, alternatives are formulated, and a logical choice is consciously arrived at (Bagchi, 2005). In practice this means: â€Å"the more information, the better; ‘cool and calm’ strategic thinking should not be ‘debased’ by feelings; efficient thought and behavior must be called upon to subjugate emotion† (Sadler-Smith, 2004). The Quantitative Reasoning for Business course would provide me with the prerequisites necessary to master the rational analysis. In recent years, however, the usefulness of the quantitative analysis training for future managers has been put into doubt. The requirement for fast decisions and the limits of human beings’ rational information-processing capacities may combine to impose severe demands upon executives’ cognitive capabilities to handle masses of information at the necessary speed (Sadler-Smith, 2004). That is when intuition comes into play. Intuition is difficult to describe but easy to recognize. Many of us will be intimately familiar with our own intuitions and will probably be able to identify, and may even envy or admire, those individuals who confidently display a ‘gut feel’ for complex situations and who appear to have an ‘instinct’ for grasping key issues quickly. This quality can be nurtured through life experience. The optimal solution thus, might be a combination of two approaches depending on circumstances. The relationship between intuition and rationality can work in two ways. For example, proceeding from intuition to rational analysis represents a ‘validation’ sequence in which gut feeling may be checked out by rational analysis by posing questions such as ‘Do the data support my hunch? Proceeding from rational analysis to intuition represents an ‘incubation’ sequence in which intuition provides an expertise-based or feelings-based validation for judgments arrived at through rational analysis (Sadler-Smith, 2004). In summary, quantitative training will probably benefit me by preparing me for the future courses in economics, finance, accounting, operations, and research (Quantitative Reasoning for Business Overview, nd). More importantly though, it will prepare me for the future ‘real world’ w ork, even when its direct usefulness is not as extensive as often believed its proponents.

Introduction to the aspects of marketing

Introduction to the aspects of marketing A lot people think that marketing as selling or advertising. Yes, but selling and advertising just a part of marketing. Marketing involves even more. The aim of business is acquisition and hold customers. (Lance Fried, 2005 year) We need some skills to acquires and hold our business customers. Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of goods and service to facilitate exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives. What marketers do at any particular time depends on what needs to be done to fill customers needs. Consumers wants and needs unceasing change. (Lance Fried, 2005 year) As mention above, selling and advertising is a small part of marketing, but this does not means that the above activities are not important. They were a part of large marketing mix, the four Ps of marketing. The four Ps are product, price, place and promotion. (Chapter 1, page 1) Philip Kotler defines marketing as satisfying needs and wants through an exchange process. Within this exchange transaction, customers will only exchange they value if they feel that their needs and wants are being fully contented, obviously the greater benefit provided the higher transactional value an organization can charge. (Philip Kotler, 1996 year) The correct systematic planning, implementing and control of a mix of business activities intended to bring together consumers and sellers for the mutually advantages exchange or transfer of products. (Chapter 1, page 1) 5 philosophies of Marketing Different business and company use different ways to set up their own business to achieve their organization goals. There are five alternative concept used by which firms and business organization to guided in their marketing effort. The five different concepts namely is the production concept, second is the product concept second and after that is the selling concept. These first three concepts is focus on the products, and the last two concepts that focus on customer is the marketing concept and the societal marketing concept. The product concept holds that customers will favor products that are available and highly affordable and that management should therefore focus on or improving production and distribution efficiency. This concept works well when the demand of product is more than supply or product cost is required to be reduced by following the practice of mass production. This concept is useful to solve the problems like when the products cost is too high and improved productivity is needed to bring it down. Next situation is when the demand for the product of a company excesses the supply. It can not last long because the concept already ignores other important factors, such as competition, new products and etc. One of the best examples of the production concept is Henry Fords Model T. Henry Ford is the father of the production line and developing an efficient assembly line, Ford was able to bring the cost of the Model T down from around $800 to just under $300, putting affordable transportation into the hands of average consumers in the United States. The biggest secret to Fords assembly line is that he built one car name as the Model T. There were very few variations on the basic structure and functionality of this automobile. So Henry Ford was very successful with the production concept for a period of time. Next, the product concept states is consumer will buy the product that offer the best in quality, design features and durability. The firm should devote its energy to making continuous product improvements, so its need to know well and have the great knowledge and skill in making the product. Some manufacturers mistakenly believe that if they use the best materials to manufacturing a product to attract the consumers and the customers will only buy their company product. This concept also can lead to marketing myopia to see the challenges being presented by other competitions. Next, example of the product concept is Jackson who purchased the air ticket; it means he needs a transportation to send him to the holiday destination. Airline companies who are myopic would regard other airlines as it competitors and must concentrate on upgrading their service or flight facilities. Besides airlines, they also need regard land transport company and water transport company as their competitors. Is because that passenger not just purchasing an airline ticket to get someplace by air, he is purchasing transport. The selling concept, Define of 5 philosophies of Marketing The selling concept: consumers will buy products only if the company promotes or sells the product. The marketing concept: Focuses on needs and wants of the target markets and delivering satisfaction better than competitor. The societal marketing concept: focuses on needs and wants of target markets and delivering superior value. Societys well-being. The example of 5 philosophies of Marketing Third, the selling concept, the Ford Motor Company is also a good example of the selling philosophy and why this philosophy does not work in many instances. Ford produced and sold the Model T for many years. During its production, the automobile market attracted more competition. They not only did the competition begin to offer cars in other colors, the styling of the competition was viewed as modern and the Model T became considered as old-fashioned. Henry Ford had to recognize consumer desires and introduce a new model. The marketing concept, the examples of this concept is Head and Shoulders shampoo, it is an anti-dandruff shampoo. This shampoo is the first came in a standard packing and formula. With the passage of time, the shampoo company realized about the needs of the product customers and started to modify their product and manufactured different variety in their shampoo line to attract more consumers. Lastly, the example of the societal marketing concept is a cosmetic company name as Body Shop, it found by Anita Roddick. It is one of the companies that uses only vegetables based materials for its own products. It is also against Animal testing and supports community trade, activate Self Esteem, Defend Human Rights, and overall protection of the planet. The major marketing management decisions can be classified in one of the following four categories, they are: Product Price Place Promotion I have mentioned it when I doing Introduction, and these variables people normally know as the marketing mix or the four Ps of marketing. There are the variables that can control or change in order to best satisfy customers in the target market. Product, it is mean the physical features of the product, or the intangible aspects of the service offered to the consumer. Product decisions include aspects such as functions, brand name, quality, safety and etc. Price, sellers need to define the price of the product that they want to sell, are they going to sell at a high price and make a lot of profit in the short term or sell the product with a low price to beat the competition and stay in the long term. Price is the important part on this marketing management. Even if the product quality is the best of the competition but the company set with the high price, consumers can not afford it also is a problem.

Dream House Essays -- essays research papers fc

My Dream House   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ever since I was ten years old I have known what kind of house I wanted to live in. A house that is on the lake and after I start a family it will be considered a loving home.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the most important details about a house is the location. My house will be located where it is quiet and peaceful. My house will be located on a small private lake, but about two hundred yards off the edge of the lake. The best location for this would have to be in Minnesota. Minnesota has beautiful lakes with great houses around them. If it would happen to rain a lot, I would want my house to be far enough away that it will not get damaged.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I want my house to be located where it is warm in the summer and cold in the winter. I think the best state for that to happen is Pennsylvania. It is just so beautiful there all the time. The structure of a house is a very important part of construction of the house. The house is going to have two stories and a full basement. There will be windows with shutters on each side of the house. There will also be windows in the basement where some of the ground has been dug out so light can get into the basement. There will be a deck facing the lake around the first and second floor of the house. The purpose of having the deck in that position is so anybody can go out there relax, and watch all the people in boats go by. There will be double sliding glass doors...

Imprint of Italian and Irish Americans on the American Culture Essay

On July 4th 1776, Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence. Carefully written on this scribe and on the foundation of this nation are the unalienable rights to â€Å"Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.† (Declaration of Independence, n.d.) While some of the values and ideas of this document come from America’s motherland, England, the promised rights to the free world are shared by no other nation. For this reason, The American Dream is dreamt not only by natural born citizens of this nation, but by many people all around the world. Over twelve million immigrants during the late 1800s and early 1900s passed through Ellis Island, the first federal immigrant inspection station of the free world. Of the newcomers, a portion of them consisted of Italian Americans and Irish Americans. Throughout history, these groups have contributed to what is termed multiculturalism. Being the minority, these two groups have also experienced power-conflicts through their quests of assimilation. The two ethnic groups faced many challenges that helped create what is believed to be the melting pot to many ethnicities and racial groups. For The Journey While the American Dream is a common value, the aspirations of the idea come from different motives. In Italy, a strong, and unfair class structure created such severe conditions that led to 1/3 of the nation’s population to immigrate to the new world. While the majority of this fraction came permanently for a new life, some came temporarily to make enough money to return to Italy and buy land. Simply owning land in Italy automatically escalated Italians within the class structure. Many Italian Americans settled in Chicago Illinois, one of the largest growing cities in America at the time. Chicago offered much opportunity for work, as it was the ideal producer of steel and aider to America’s industrial growth. Back in Ireland,  the Irish had much more to deal with than just a harsh class structure. Under English rule, Irish religious practices were repressed along with many other basic freedoms the Irish came to experience in America. A poor economic situation due to chaos of rebellious battles led to much of Ireland’s population living an unsanitary lifestyle in mud huts well into the late 1800s. These living conditions led to diseases of more than half the population. When the Irish Americans first settled in Boston, they lived crammed into small, single-home houses with at least a couple more families. Many shared cellar, attic, and crawl spaces for living quarters (Youtube, 2011). Overall Assimilation Assimilation in reference to the Italians and the Irish is much more complex and has become an identity reference in itself. Being the weak minority has demanded the Italians and Irish to accept and disregard many of their own practices to satisfy the dominate. Unlike the Irish, many Italians did not stick together, but lived spread-out and separated from others. In fact, some tensions developed between some Italians groups based on what streets and neighborhood they lived on and in. Inside conflicts like this led to outside conflicts as Americans began to depict Italian Americans as a dark and devious group within press. Italian Americans worked hard to reverse this depiction and to adhere to the dominate rule of society. When Mussolini began to restore Italy to what many people believed that to the equivalent of the Roman Empire eras, Italian Americans felt sense of pride. Mussolini knowing that he needed the approval of Italians worked hard to earn their respect. The world viewed Mussolini as a strong leader, and this view reflected off of the proud Italian Americans. However, when Mussolini declared war on the U.S. by joining forces with other fascist leaders, Italian Americans began to receive much ridicule from the dominate social class again. Meanwhile, Irish Americans needed little effort to complete the process of assimilation. Having many of the same physical characteristics as the dominate groups of America, made it easier to focus on progression up the social ladder. The first generation, while working factory jobs like the Italian Americans, led a more togetherness of a lifestyle with one another in their group, which created a better support system. The support system created a stronger group and led to management positions. The second  generation focused heavily on education as much as the dominate class did. Higher education led to political offices within just the third generation of Irish Americans, which led to the Irish becoming part of the dominate group in America. A great example of this would be the Kennedy Family. Power-Conflicts Predicted to be the minority by the middle of the 21st century, the dominate white has been accused of trying to oppress the minority through tactics summarized by power-conflict theories. (Feagin & Feagin, 2011). When the Italians and Irish first immigrated to America, the first jobs they assumed were factory and railroad jobs. Running these factories were members of the dominate class. It is commonly believed that money is the result of success in America, just as the sum of money and success are equal to power. The contrast between the dominate and the minority was very much defined as there was not much of a middle class. It was without effort for the dominate factory runners and railroad heads to pay the minority the minimum for the dangerous work they provided, after all, the only thing factory workers had to provide was their labor while factory runners had the product of the factories. For a long time this was a recurring issue in terms of power-conflicts. This issue created so much unrest until the two groups gained support from within their own groups to develop labor unions. Multiculturalism Multiculturalism is a term that to this day produces many unsettled feelings of both unrest and excitement. America, regarded as the Melting Pot of many cultures is not even a fully multicultural nation, as this country has taken almost three hundred years to see the first African American president. While the Italians and the Irish have worked hard to assimilate to the ways of this nation, they have also brought their culture onto this nation as well. Christopher Columbus day is proudly recognized by Italians as he was always considered the son of Italy. His finding of the new world has been an amazing accomplishment for the Italians. When the Italians finally had a voice in congress, they pushed to make the day a federal holiday (Youtube, 2011). Meanwhile, the strong religion practice as Catholics has also prompted holidays in favor of the Irish, such as St. Patrick’s Day. Without  the push by these groups to recognize these days, America may have not done so otherwise. It is important that days that attribute much to other cultures be recognized by America to promote multiculturalism. For example another federal holiday that reminds America of equal rights among equal groups is Martin Luther King Day. Conclusion In the late 1800s and early 1900s Italian and Irish Americans came to American to take advantage of the opportunities. The Italians settled primarily in Chicago, while the Irish settled in Boston. The two groups worked hard to assimilate through the trials and tribulations of power-conflicts and the everlasting multiculturalism. While the groups assimilated well by becoming an American version of their ethnicity, they also left an imprint on the overall culture of America. When both groups achieved political offices, days that were influential to their groups became federal holidays. References Declatation of Independence. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charter/declatation_transcript.html Feagin, J. R., & Feagin, C. B. (2011). Racial and Ethnic Relations (9th ed.). New York, NY: Prentice Hall. Library of Congress. (2014, May). Immigration†¦Irish. Retrieved from http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationssandactivities/presentations/immigration/irish6.html Youtube. (2011, December). And they Came to Chicago: The Italian American Legacy. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqeikaWQCyo Youtube. (2011, July). The Irish in America Part 1. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r0sZ_jWcyl

Comparitive study of mutual funds Essay

Investing in mutual funds provides a total solution for the investing needs. With a well-designed portfolio of mutual funds, the investor can have his own pool of professionally managed investments, even with a small initial investment. Mutual fund is a kind of trust that manages the pool of money collected from various investors and it is managed by a team of professional fund managers (usually called an Asset Management Company) for a small fee. An investment vehicle that is made up of a pool of funds collected from many investors for the purpose of investing in securities such as stocks, bonds, money market instruments and similar assets. Mutual funds are operated by money managers, who invest the fund’s capital and attempt to produce capital gains and income for the fund’s investors. A mutual fund’s portfolio is structured and maintained to match the investment objectives stated in its prospectus. The Indian Mutual fund  business has passed through three phases. The first phase was between 1964 and 1987, when the only player was the Unit Trust of India, which had a total asset of Rs. 6,700/- crores at the end of 1988. The second phase is between 1987 and 1993 during which period 8 funds were established (6 by banks and one each by LIC and GIC). The total assets under management had grown to Rs. 61,028/- crores at the end of 1994 and the number of schemes were 167. The third phase began with the entry of private and foreign sectors in the Mutual fund industry in 1993. Kothari Pioneer Mutual fund was the first fund to be established by the private sector in association with a foreign fund. The share of the private players has risen rapidly since then. At present 39 asset management companies are working in India. The major mutual fund players in Indian market at present are: ï  ¶ABN AMRO Mutual Fund I have chosen HDFC ASSET MANAGEMENT COMPANY from private sector and SBI MUTUAL FUND from public sector for my study because HDFC is no 1 in private sector mutual fund companies and SBI is no 1 in public sector mutual fund companies. HDFC Asset Management Company Limited (AMC) was incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956, on December 10, 1999, and was approved to act as an Asset Management Company for the Mutual Fund by SEBI on July 3, 2000. In terms of the Investment Management Agreement, the Trustee has appointed the HDFC Asset Management Company Limited to manage the Mutual Fund. The paid up capital of the AMC is Rs. 25.161 crore. SBI Funds Management Ltd. is the investment manager of SBI Mutual Fund. SBI Mutual Fund has been constituted as a trust, sponsored by State Bank India. Today the Fund has an investor base of over 2.8 million spread over 23 schemes. With a large network of collecting branches and investor service centres, SBI Mutual Fund constantly endeavors to get closer to its growing family of investors. NEED OF THE STUDY Mutual fund companies are introducing various new schemes in the market due to which the investors are generally confused that in what type of schemes they should invest and in which mutual fund company they should invest. The main purpose of this study is to know about the performance of various schemes of mutual fund companies of public and private sector in the market. It would help to know about the concept of mutual funds and to know about various schemes under mutual fund which will ultimately benefit the investors to decide about their investment in mutual fund companies. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The study is being conducted for the following objectives: ïÆ'ËœTo develop understanding of the concept and working of mutual fund schemes. ïÆ'ËœTo analyze and compare the performance of selected mutual fund schemes offered by SBI mutual fund and HDFC mutual fund. ïÆ'ËœTo study the investor’s behavior towards the mutual fund schemes offered by public and private sector. RESEARCH METHODLOGY DATA COLLECTION The data required for the study is collected from primary as well as secondary sources. The primary data is collected through self constructed questionnaires which will be to know about the investors behavior towards mutual funds in private and public sector. SAMPLE AREA- AGRA CITY SAMPLE SIZE- 50 SAMPLING METHOD- CONVINIENT SAMPLING The secondary data is collected from websites. NATURE OF STUDY The study is analytical which includes comparative analysis of performance of mutual funds in public and private sector as well as analysis of investors behavior towards mutual funds in private and public sector. TOOLS USED FOR ANALYSIS ïÆ'ËœFinancial technique such as Sharpe ratio and Standard deviation. Presentation tools ïÆ'ËœBar graphs and pie charts REFERENCES 1) KHORANA AJAY (2001) â€Å"Performance Changes following Top Management Turnover: Evidence from Open-End Mutual Fund† Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, September 2001 2) Sapar Rao Narayan and Madava Ravindran in his paper entitled Performance Evaluation of Indian Mutual Funds(2003) www.ssrn.com 3)Panwar Sharad and Madhumathi R. in their study entitled Characteristics and Performance Evaluation of selected Mutual funds in India(2006) Indian Institute of Capital Markets 9th Capital Markets Conference Paper 4)Ranganathan Kavitha in her study entitled A Study of Fund Selection Behaviour of Individual Investors Towards Mutual Funds – with Reference to Mumbai City (2006) Indian Institute of Capital Markets 9th BIBLIOGRAPHY www.mutualfundsonline.com www.hdfcfund.com www.sbimf.com www.valueresearchonline.com